Stepper Quickstart
This section assumes you have done a standard install from the Live CD. After installation it is recommended that you connect the computer to the Internet and wait for the update manager to pop up and get the latest updates for LinuxCNC and Ubuntu before continuing.
1. Latency Test
The Latency Test determines how late your computer processor is in responding to a request. Some hardware can interrupt the processing which could cause missed steps when running a CNC machine. This is the first thing you need to do. Follow the instructions here to run the latency test.
2. Sherline
3. Xylotex
If you have a Xylotex you can skip the following sections and go straight to the Stepper Config Wizard. LinuxCNC has provided quick setup for the Xylotex machines.
4. Machine Information
Gather the information about each axis of your machine.
Drive timing is in nano seconds. If you’re unsure about the timing many popular drives are included in the stepper configuration wizard. Note some newer Gecko drives have different timing than the original one. A list is also on the user maintained LinuxCNC wiki site of more drives.
| Axis | Drive Type | Step Time ns | Step Space ns | Dir. Hold ns | Dir. Setup ns |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X |
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Y |
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Z |
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5. Pinout Information
Gather the information about the connections from your machine to the PC parallel port.
| Output Pin | Typ. Function | If Different | Input Pin | Typ. Function | If Different |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
E-Stop Out |
10 |
X Limit/Home |
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2 |
X Step |
11 |
Y Limit/Home |
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3 |
X Direction |
12 |
Z Limit/Home |
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4 |
Y Step |
13 |
A Limit/Home |
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5 |
Y Direction |
15 |
Probe In |
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6 |
Z Step |
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7 |
Z Direction |
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8 |
A Step |
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9 |
A Direction |
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14 |
Spindle CW |
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16 |
Spindle PWM |
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17 |
Amplifier Enable |
Note any pins not used should be set to Unused in the drop down box. These can always be changed later by running Stepconf again.
6. Mechanical Information
Gather information on steps and gearing. The result of this is steps per user unit which is used for SCALE in the .ini file.
| Axis | Steps/Rev. | Micro Steps | Motor Teeth | Leadscrew Teeth | Leadscrew Pitch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X |
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Y |
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Z |
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Steps per revolution - is how many stepper-motor-steps it takes to turn the stepper motor one revolution. Typical is 200.
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Micro Steps - is how many steps the drive needs to move the stepper motor one full step. If microstepping is not used, this number will be 1. If microstepping is used the value will depend on the stepper drive hardware.
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Motor Teeth and Leadscrew Teeth - is if you have some reduction (gears, chain, timing belt, etc.) between the motor and the leadscrew. If not, then set these both to 1.
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Leadscrew Pitch - is how much movement occurs (in user units) in one leadscrew turn. If you’re setting up in inches then it is inches per turn. If you’re setting up in millimeters then it is millimeters per turn.
The net result you’re looking for is how many CNC-output-steps it takes to move one user unit (inches or mm).
Stepper = 200 steps per revolution Drive = 10 micro steps per step Motor Teeth = 20 Leadscrew Teeth = 40 Leadscrew Pitch = 0.2000 inches per turn
From the above information, the leadscrew moves 0.200 inches per turn. - The motor turns 2.000 times per 1 leadscrew turn. - The drive takes 10 microstep inputs to make the stepper step once. - The drive needs 2000 steps to turn the stepper one revolution. So the scale needed is:
Stepper = 200 steps per revolution
Drive = 8 micro steps per step
Motor Teeth = 30
Leadscrew Teeth = 90
Leadscrew Pitch = 5.00 mm per turn
From the above information: - The leadscrew moves 5.00 mm per turn. - The motor turns 3.000 times per 1 leadscrew turn. - The drive takes 8 microstep inputs to make the stepper step once. - The drive needs 1600 steps to turn the stepper one revolution. So the scale needed is:
